The oil palm plant (Elaeis guineensis) originating from western Africa, is the main producer of vegetable oils that have higher productivity than other vegetable oils. Palm oil was first introduced in Indonesia by the Dutch government in 1848. At that time there were 4 seeds of oil palm grown in Bogor Botanical Garden, two from Bourbon (Mauritius) and two others from Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam ( Netherlands). Initially oil palm plants were cultivated as ornamental plants, while the cultivation of crops for new commercial purposes began in 1911.
The pioneer of oil palm plantation in Indonesia is Adrien Hallet (Belgian), then the cultivation which he did followed by K.Schadt which marked the birth of oil palm plantation in Indonesia began to develop. The first oil palm plantations are located on the East Coast of Sumatra (Deli) and Aceh. Plantation area reaches 5,123 Ha.
At the time of Dutch occupation, oil palm plantations advanced rapidly to shift the dominance of African Countries exports at that time. Entering the Japanese occupation, oil palm development declined. The plantation land depreciated by 16% of the total land area so that the production of palm oil in Indonesia only reached 56,000 tons in 1948/1949, when in 1940 Indonesia exported 250,000 tons of palm oil.
In 1957, after the Netherlands and Japan left Indonesia, the government took over the plantation (for political and security reasons). To secure the course of production, the government placed military officers at every level of plantation management. The government also established BUMIL (Military Workers) which is a collaboration between plantation and military workers. Changes in management of plantations and socio-political conditions and domestic security are not conducive, resulting in decreased palm oil production and Indonesia's position as the world's largest supplier of palm oil displaced by Malaysia.
During the New Order government, plantation development was directed in order to create opportunities, improve the welfare of society and the country's foreign exchange sector. The government continues to encourage the opening of new land for plantations. Until 1980, the land area reached 294,560 Ha with CPO production (Crude Palm Oil) of 721 172 tons. Since then the land of oil palm plantation Indonesia is growing rapidly, especially the people's plantation. This is supported by the Government's policy of implementing the Nucleus Estate Company (PIR - BUN) program.
The area of oil palm plantation continues to grow rapidly in Indonesia. This shows the increasing demand for processed products. Exports of palm oil (CPO) Indonesia, among others to the Netherlands, India, China, Malaysia and Germany, while for palm kernel oil products (PKO) more widely exported to the Netherlands, the United States and Brazil.
The pioneer of oil palm plantation in Indonesia is Adrien Hallet (Belgian), then the cultivation which he did followed by K.Schadt which marked the birth of oil palm plantation in Indonesia began to develop. The first oil palm plantations are located on the East Coast of Sumatra (Deli) and Aceh. Plantation area reaches 5,123 Ha.
At the time of Dutch occupation, oil palm plantations advanced rapidly to shift the dominance of African Countries exports at that time. Entering the Japanese occupation, oil palm development declined. The plantation land depreciated by 16% of the total land area so that the production of palm oil in Indonesia only reached 56,000 tons in 1948/1949, when in 1940 Indonesia exported 250,000 tons of palm oil.
In 1957, after the Netherlands and Japan left Indonesia, the government took over the plantation (for political and security reasons). To secure the course of production, the government placed military officers at every level of plantation management. The government also established BUMIL (Military Workers) which is a collaboration between plantation and military workers. Changes in management of plantations and socio-political conditions and domestic security are not conducive, resulting in decreased palm oil production and Indonesia's position as the world's largest supplier of palm oil displaced by Malaysia.
During the New Order government, plantation development was directed in order to create opportunities, improve the welfare of society and the country's foreign exchange sector. The government continues to encourage the opening of new land for plantations. Until 1980, the land area reached 294,560 Ha with CPO production (Crude Palm Oil) of 721 172 tons. Since then the land of oil palm plantation Indonesia is growing rapidly, especially the people's plantation. This is supported by the Government's policy of implementing the Nucleus Estate Company (PIR - BUN) program.
The area of oil palm plantation continues to grow rapidly in Indonesia. This shows the increasing demand for processed products. Exports of palm oil (CPO) Indonesia, among others to the Netherlands, India, China, Malaysia and Germany, while for palm kernel oil products (PKO) more widely exported to the Netherlands, the United States and Brazil.
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